アイヌ語沙流方言の人称の種類
1972 年 1972 巻 61 号 p. 17-39
詳細
1972 年 1972 巻 61 号 p. 17-39
Grammatical persons in Ainu are expressed by both personal pronouns and personal affixes, the grammatical functions and uses of which have been dealt with in the author's previous articles. This paper discusses the meaning of each person, in other words, in what situations each person is chosen. The author concludes that the Saru dialect of Ainu distinguishes the following eleven persons:
(1) 1st pers. sg.“I” kami
(2) 1st pers. pl. excl.“we excluding you” cóka
(3) 1st pers. pl. incl.“we including you”‘a’oka
(4) 1st pers. sg. quot.“I”; replaces kani in quotations ‘asinúma’
(5) 1st pers. pl. quot.“we”; replaces cóka in quotations ‘a’oka
(6) 2nd pers. sg.“you (one)”‘e’ani
(7) 2nd pers. pl.“you (more than one)”‘eci’oka
(8) 2nd pers. honorific “you”; used by women when speaking
to men ‘a’oka
(9) 3rd pers. sg.“he, she” sinúma
(10) 3rd pers. pl.“they”‘oka’
(11) Indefinite pers.“one”
This person lacks an independent pronoun;
it is only expressed by a personal prefix.
