2025 年 29 巻 2 号 p. 111-117
In enabling developing countries to prepare national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventories on fluorinated gases (F-gases) emissions from refrigerants, capacity building is essential for promoting climate change mitigation under the Paris Agreement and controlling ozone depleting substances (ODS) under the Kigali Amendment. Both mitigation and ODS control cover hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) released as ODS-substitute emissions through product use, i.e., HFCs for refrigeration and air conditioning for stationary and mobile AC. The 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National GHG Inventories and the 2019 Refinement to these Guidelines propose complex estimation methods to ensure accurate assessment of their climate change impact. A major barrier to setting quantitative mitigation targets is the lack of data on the current emission levels and profiles of gas species used within countries. Developing GHG emission profiles requires there to be a national GHG inventory office, institutional arrangements and methodologies or guidelines for data collection and calculating the GHG emissions. This paper aims to identify key challenges in preparing HFC inventories in developing countries, based on a pilot inventory conducted in Indonesia during 2022~2023, and to propose recommendations to address these issues. The authors encountered barriers such as data gaps, difficult methodologies and complexity in reporting requirements, along with a lack of institutional arrangements for collecting data and other information and ascertaining HFC emissions. These issues are observed to be universal rather than Indonesia-specific. This paper highlights the need for improved data collection, clarity in methodology, selection of appropriate methodologies for developing national GHG emissions inventories for F-gases, enhanced international cooperation and clearer guidance.
