抄録
Carbon mineralization is a core process in the decomposition of soil organic carbon, directly influencing the global carbon cycle and climate change. This paper reviews the multi-scale mechanisms of carbon mineralization, covering research advancements from the micro-scale (e.g., interactions between soil particles and organic matter), mesoscale (e.g., aggregate structure and moisture conditions), to the macro-scale (e.g., ecosystem and regional levels). At the micro-scale, the focus is on how the complex interactions between soil particles, organic matter, and microbial communities regulate carbon decomposition and storage. At the mesoscale, the influence of soil structure, aggregate stability, and moisture-climate conditions on carbon mineralization is analyzed. At the macro-scale, the regulatory mechanisms of environmental factors, such as climate change and land use, on ecosystem carbon mineralization dynamics are assessed. The paper also discusses methodological and technological advancements in multi-scale research, particularly the application prospects of remote sensing, stable isotope tracing, and model development. Finally, the paper summarizes the challenges and future directions in multi-scale carbon mineralization research, including technological innovations, strategies to cope with climate change, and the potential applications in ecosystem management. This paper aims to provide a theoretical framework and reference for future studies while offering empirical support for improving and optimizing global carbon cycle models.
