抄録
Toyonaka City (Fig. 1) in Osaka Prefecture was seriously damaged by the recent earthquake in the southern part of Hyogo Prefecture. While the damage cannot be compared with the severe damage experienced in several other cities between Osaka and Kobe, it provides a good example of damage conditions experienced on the periphery of disastrous earthquakes. The author reports on those areas in Toyonaka City where there were many stricken houses (Fig. 2), and tries to investi-gate the correlation between the extent of the earthquake disaster and the local human and physical en-vironment.
Figure 3 shows the percentages of the people who lived in completely destroyed houses and in par-tially destroyed ones, and the distribution of building styles in residential houses. The land classifica-tion of Toyonaka City is shown in Fig. 4. For this study, the author used a map of city development made by the Toyonaka City Office (omitted in this paper).
The earthquake damage was closely connected with the following three factors: type of building, period of urbanization, and land classification or subsurface geology. In the northern part of Toyo-naka City, earthquake damage was sustained not only in the fan but also in the middle and lower ter-races. The latter district is an old urban area, and many old houses were severely affected by the earth-quake. In the southern part of Toyonaka City, the type of building and land classification were close-ly connected with the earthquake damage sustained. Here we can find many old wooden tenement houses and apartment houses, most of which are included in ‘b’ or ‘c’ in Fig. 3; many of them were de-stroyed completely or partially. In addition, the land classification in this area is mostly delta, which is known to be weakened by earthquake shocks.
If we classify by age the people who took refuge in evacuation centers (Fig. 3), we find large num-bers of elderly people who lived alone in this area. Many of them lived in old wooden tenement houses or apartment houses, which sustained earthquake damage. If reconstruction projects are carried out, it will be very important for the local government to dis-cuss their efforts with local victims and to take their feelings into account. For their part, the victims should not insist only on their rights, but should consider the ideal future of their own neighbor-hood. It is very difficult to take radical urban planning measures in areas such as Toyonaka City which were only partially destroyed. It will be necessary to develop a long-term urban plan in which re-construction projects for small areas ultimately fit in with long-term redevelopment plans for the wider area.
