孤食，対面共食および遠隔共食における心理および行動特性の比較

抄録

Eating is not merely an act of nutritional intake but also a social behavior that mediates communication with others. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of communication through eating by comparing and analyzing psychological states and behaviors under three conditions: solitary eating, face-to-face communal eating, and remote communal eating. Ten undergraduate and graduate students participated in the study. Psychological mood states (measured using POMS2), eating actions, gaze behaviors, and verbal interactions were assessed as key indicators. Behavioral data were analyzed using the annotation software ELAN. Although no significant differences were found in psychological mood states across the three conditions, notable differences were observed in the frequency of eating pauses, gaze targets, and verbal interaction frequencies. Participants eating alone tended to concentrate more on their meals, while face-to-face communal eating was characterized by frequent pauses in eating due to gazing at dining partners or their food. In remote communal eating, participants spent longer periods gazing at their partners but showed a decreased focus on their partners' food. These findings suggest potential applications for future food assistance technologies, remote communal eating systems, and empathy-enhancing interface designs.