空性の教えを聞く条件――チャンドラキールティの信解説――

抄録

The Madhyamaka school followed the doctrine of śūnyatā taught in the Prajñāpāramitā-sūtras, and understood that it denies the existence of real nature. Conservative Buddhists and the Yogācāra school, however, criticized the Madhyamaka position as a sort of nihilism. Therefore, we can assume that these Buddhists considered Mādhyamikas’ understanding of śūnyatā to be wrong (or misunderstood). Under such circumstances, how did the Madhyamaka teachers choose who could be instructed in śūnyatā, and how should it lead the trainee toward the Madhyamaka’s understanding of śūnyatā?

In studying these questions, I would like to take note of Candrakīrti’s (ca. 600–650) concept of adhimukti. In his usage, those who have adhimukti are qualified to be instructed in the doctrine of śūnyatā. However, those who lack adhimukti would misunderstand the meaning of śūnyatā even though they listened to the doctrine. Thus, Candrakīrti believes that one must obtain adhimukti to correctly understand the śūnyatā theory. In this paper, I would like to examine by which texts his concept of adhimukti is inspired, and why he introduced the concept in his system.