『チャラカ・サンヒター』におけるyukti

抄録

Carakasaṃhitā （CS） 1.11 argues that many things exist, even if that are not directly recognizable, and that all things are either “in existence” or “in non-existence.” CS lists four types of methods of examination （parīkṣā）: direct perception （pratyakṣa）, the testimony of trustworthy persons （āptopadeśa）, inference （anumāna） and yukti.

Whilst CS preaches the means of recognition accepted by logic, it adds yukti as a method of examination. CS is characterized by its focus on internal diseases whose causes are found inside the body while not focusing on diseases. Inferences based on direct perception are not necessarily effective. There are many cases in which changes in the body are not visible, or symptoms are found in parts completely different from the lesion. It is likely that CS fully understood the limitations of recognition accepted by logic―it is not possible to identify pathological conditions and to judge whether treatment is available based on the recognition accepted by logic alone.

CS uses yukti because the main focus is not on the “cause” of the future phenomena, which will always have the same “result,” but on how the future phenomena, i.e., the “achievement of the objective,” link with the “cause.” Materials for diagnosis as well as materials for treatment must be available and function correctly, and yukti also explains how to determine if they are functioning correctly.

Therefore, yukti taught by CS is an “appropriate combination of multiple factors.”