Status and Future Prospect of Sweat Lactate Monitoring System (Review)

Abstract

Sweat is a biomarker-rich body fluid that is most accessible without blood sampling among others. Although a number of sweat content monitors have been reported, it is still difficult to eliminate negative influences induced by changes in secretion quantity, evaporation, bacteria, and so on. One of the promising approaches to solve this problem is transporting the whole secretion to the sensing device, under the controlled conditions of the skin's surface. Recently, a sweat lactic acid monitoring system based on the continuous flow at the skin's surface has been reported. In this paper, the structure of the lactic acid monitoring system and the latest applications in sports and medical fields are reviewed in detail.