2018 年 9 巻 1 号 p. 142-149
Harvesting surface runoff water from rainfall rather than allowing these waters to run into the streams and rivers and eventually lost into sea is attaining popularity due to the increasing demand for scarce water resources. In semi-arid countries such as Afghanistan crops in need regular irrigation due to low and unequally divided annual rainfall throughout the growing season. Therefore, this study aimed to develop water harvesting technique with clayey dressing application as a water harvesting strategy for surface runoff inducement to reduce water shortage problems in Qargha Reservoir Watershed of Paghman District, Afghanistan. The results of laboratory and field experiments showed that, application of clayey dressing on the soil surface was highly effective in surface runoff inducement. The application of clayey dressing with silty clay loam and clay loam textures in the laboratory and in the field and at various concentrations increased surface runoff considerably. The plug radius of both silty clay loam dressing with 37.16% or lower concentration and clay loam dressing with 46.96% or lower concentration can effectively clog pores and seal soil surface. Therefore, development of proper water harvesting strategies such as clayey dressing application is indispensable to achieve sustainable agriculture.
