日本放送協会「支那語講座」のメディア史（1931-1941）

他者の言語はいかに想像されたか

抄録

This paper is a media study that attempts to elucidate how the language of "others" was imagined in "Shinago Kōza," a radio program for Chinese language study broadcast by the Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) from 1931 to 1941. In Japan, the creation of a "national language" had already entered the stage of standardization in the 1930s, while the expanding military invasion of China was accompanied by efforts to popularize the Japanese language. At this stage, why had "Shinago Kōza" been broadcast for 10 years toward a wide range of nationals to learn Chinese, a language that was not their own?

Focusing on the multilayered nature of the language as presented in the audio radio and print texts, this paper will examine how the image of China, which was in effect a hostile country, was imagined through the study of the Chinese language on the radio. Based on this examination, it will also consider the role played by this popular Chinese learning broadcast, which failed to transform the Chinese language to a hostile language in wartime. This article takes a historical approach, drawing on the published "radio textbook," radio program lists published in newspapers, "Radio Yearbook," "Gyōmu Tōkei Yōran," and other sources, and elucidates them in relation to the language policy of the Japanese empire.

In conclusion, in the Japan Broadcasting Corporation’s "Shinago Kōza," while the language form of Chinese was always different from that of Japanese, the otherness of China, which was regarded as a negotiating partner, showed complicated features due to the transition of the situation in wartime. Thus, "Shinago," which was recognized as a language of a friendly and affiliated partner country, was placed in an ideological gray zone between an enemy language and "our" language, while maintaining the form of the language of the other.