テレビは趣味をいかに教えたか

1980年NHK教育テレビ『趣味・技能講座』を事例に

抄録

    In the history of Japanese television, the 1970s and 1980s are a time when educational and cultural programs on hobbies thrived. While it has been explained as a shift from social education programs to lifelong learning programs, the meaning of "hobbies" as a subject matter itself had not been clarified. Therefore, this study attempted to characterize the content of these programs by using the analytical concept of serious leisure and focusing on the characteristic representation of hobbies. Specifically, the program footage, textbooks, and newspaper advertisements for "Introduction to Fishing" and "Introduction to Camera Techniques," two programs that aired in 1980 on NHK Educational TV’s "Hobbies and Skills Course," were analyzed. As a result, it was found that the programs explained fishing and camera techniques under the learning view of "learning for enjoyment." The self-directed activity of "enjoyment" as the goal made the content structure of the program more restrained in terms of education, and some brokering discourses that leave education to hobby communities were found. So far, lifelong learning programs have been characterized by individuality in terms of viewing format and subject matter. In contrast, the results of this study suggest that individuality also contributes to the structuring of program content and that lifelong learning programs embed opportunities for connecting to group activities.