イングランドにおけるプログラム段階SEAの方法論と効果

抄録

In Japan, Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is currently undertaken by some advanced local authorities, and the national government is moving towards the adoption of a new SEA law. In both cases, SEA is currently limited to the “decision making levels where location or size of development is discussed”, that is, SEA for the plan or programme level. However, the lack of methodological knowledge for plan and programme level SEA is still dominant in Japan. This paper aims to clarify the methodological characteristics and effectiveness of programme level SEA in England, which is considered an advanced system in terms of richness in methodology and experience. Three key methodological concepts were introduced as the framework of analysis; evaluation items and methods, process integration, and involvement of multiple actors. An urban major regeneration project in Preston, England, was analyzed as a case study. The main conclusion was that there are two types of programmes in the programmatic level, which are utilized as a pair in the English planning system, and (a) for the more abstract programme, objectives-led evaluation of the sustainability in a decision-centered process showed effect of legitimacy explanation, and (b) for the more concrete programme, baseline-led evaluation of the environmental effects in a consent-related & integrated mixed process led to the programme modification by utilizing the produced environmental information.