CCS・CCUSに係るファイナンスの動向と炭素クレジット

—CCUSのスケールアップに必要なファイナンスの課題と展望—

抄録

Carbon capture, utilization and storage（CCUS）activities are growing in number and size due to reinforced measures of climate change mitigation as well as heighted interest in low carbon hydrogen as an alternative fuel source. To meet the goals of Paris Agreement, acceleration of financing and initiatives is needed.

While many governments of countries with advances in CCUS projects have provided grants to offset initial investment costs, some countries have also introduced many measures to support operation costs and minimize risk for private operators, such as tax exemption, ensuring CO₂ offtake price. In many areas or the world, the lack of the enabling environment for private financing is still lacking, namely robust regulatory framework, risk mitigation measures and carbon pricing inhibit finance mobilization. In order to remove barriers, many international initiatives are under way including developing model regulatory framework and effort to position CCUS in the context of sustainable finance in terms of energy transition.

Carbon market is a promising tool in putting value of CO₂ stored and creating much needed cash flow. Development in including CCUS in carbon crediting schemes are under way in both public and private led initiatives. In addition to addressing issues on supply, such as how to address permanence, incentives to stimulate demand is also needed. Securing finance including the utilization of carbon market is necessary to gain public acceptance and should be addressed with the same importance and urgency as technological development.