社会変動と子どもをめぐる課題(<特集>社会変動と教育経営)

抄録

The purpose of this paper is to clarify how to treat children in schools from the position of educational administration. Educational administration has been aiming at improving the educational environment for children in schools. The final goal of educational administration is to provide good educational environment both for teachers and for students. However, it could be said that our society, the Japanese Association for the Study of Educational Administration, has not given much weight to students. The followings are some of the serious facts students are facing now in their schools. Fact 1: An increasing number of children need social welfare. Fact 2: An increasing number of children are in need of special education. Fact 3: An increasing number of children cannot get a chance to study at school as a result of worsening economic conditions or neglect by their parents or combination of both. What we (educational administers) have to do with the highest priority is to establish good educational environment in order to guarantee the right of education for these at-risk students. Above all, we need to improve school discipline for the sake of all students including at-risk students. Provided is the School Discipline Table. The table consists of five phases. Phase 0 or phase 1 indicates that many children have inner discipline and high self-efficacy. In addition, these children are sure that they can solve any problem for themselves. In these phases school are safe and well-disciplined, where both students and teachers are happy. On the other hand, phase 3 or 4 are very serious situations. These phases indicate that many of the children cannot understand their teachers' expectations for them so they don't know what to do with themselves. Generally, those students cannot concentrate on their classes, where teachers have difficulty controlling their students. Consequently, the teachers get very exhausted and some of them get burnout. This kind of situation is called school disruption. What is the most important for us is not to miss the change of children according to changing times. And it is also important to establish good discipline in schools to keep schools safe for all students including at-risk students.