Study on the issue for development of social safeguards in REDD+ initiatives

抄録

REDD+ is an approach to reduce deforestation and forest degradation, using economic incentives. The need for safeguards has emerged to prevent negative social and environmental impacts because of over-emphasis of these economic incentives. In addition to the UNFCCC's official efforts, voluntary activities (initiatives) have attempted to formulate principles, criteria, indicators and guidelines. We clarify the elements to enhance social safeguards and discuss what kinds of initiative is the most-to-least the elements. We review literature about SEPC, SESA and REDD+SES initiatives. We find that benefit-sharing is an important aspect of social safeguards, and that more discussion is needed to enhance initiatives. REDD+SES has received little criticism in literature to date and has the best-covered elements including “benefit-sharing” in the three initiatives. At the same time, practical experience and identification of problems and solutions are advantage of SEPC and SESA.