NGOの事業実施体制が現地関係者との連携および持続可能な給水施設管理に与える影響

―日本を拠点に活動するNGOに着目して―

抄録

Access to clean water is one of the most critical elements for sustainable development. Community participation is necessary to achieve a sustainable water supply. However, Japanese non-governmental organizations (NGOs) face challenges such as lack of capital and human resources. To combat these challenges, it's necessary to cooperate with local stakeholders. This study hypothesizes that NGO's implementation systems affect cooperation between NGOs and local stakeholders and studies its effects on water supply sustainability. It aims to identify system issues within Japanese NGOs and the effects of water supply for different communities.

The study looked at basic information such as the project cycle and the roles of Japanese vs. local staff. For instance, out of 18 NGOs, 13 NGOs established community organizations for operation and facility management, whereas 5 NGOs sent Japanese staffs to target communities for project management and maintenance training. The study categorized 18 NGOs into three types. Type 1 NGOs send Japanese staffs in the target areas during the project while Type 2 NGOs do not. In addition, both Type 1 and 2 NGOs were able to establish water committees or institutions responsible for operation and facility maintenance. Type 3 NGOs encountered limitations in building water committees due to lack of financial and human resources and difficulties finding proper local counterparts.

This study concludes that NGO's implementation system does, indeed, affect the maintenance system, as well as the cooperation between Japanese NGOs and local stakeholders on monitoring and follow up. Some NGOs, who cooperated with local stakeholders only during the project, did not monitor and support the community while other NGOs decided to continue the partnership with local stakeholders even after the project ended. If problems arise, these NGOs can provide support, which makes water supply more sustainable. In conclusion, this study recommends such NGOs to cooperate with local NGOs or local government to continue monitoring and follow up.