抄録
A typical small watershed located in the northern part of Pakistan was selected for this trial study. Due to chronic mismanagement, the watersheds of Pakistan are steadily degrading. Environmental degradation of mountainous watersheds has become a matter of great concern. The surface runoff and soil loss from a given catchment/watershed area depends upon both the rainfall and the catchment characteristics. The objectives of this study are to quantify the amount of soil eroded under current land use and to predict soil loss according to different conservation measurements using rainfall and water sampling data. The degradation process may be mitigated through careful management of watershed resources to determine which soil and water conservation techniques to adopt based on rainfall data and other parameters. The maximum unit peak discharge in the study area ranged from 144 to 268 liter/sec/ha. However, in the past five years the erosion index (EI30) appreciably correlated with rainfall (R2=0.98). Annual soil loss varied from 2.8 to 1 8.6ton/ha. This paper describes the effect of rainfall parameters on soil loss in the high rainfall zone, which may be utilized for the design and development of soil erosion control structures and models.
