This study aims to discuss issues and future directions in the conservation of the landscape of Gokayama Ainokura Village by identifying physical and human resources needed to maintain thatched roofs, which characterize the landscape of the village. Both bio-physical and socio-cultural data have been collected by conducting photo-interpretation of aero-photographs and interview surveys to local residents. The study identified that the lack of materials and labor, as well as alternation in the groups responsible for the maintenance, have inevitably resulted in (a) deterioration in the quality of thatched roofs, and (b) wider gaps between concerned groups in their consciousness to maintain the quality of the roofs. It has also been identified that the legislative measures taken by the local government were insufficient to reinforce deteriorating maintenance schemes. The study concludes that the value of the landscape characterized by thatched roofs should be shared by stakeholders including residents, concerned groups and the local government, and that sound environment which all stakeholders may fully perform their roles should be maintained.
