Recent Problems in and around the Construction Engineering in Landscape Architecture

Abstract

This paper deals with some recent problems in and around the construction engineering in the landscape architecture in Japan, such as,
1) an approach to standardized soil survey techniques in recreational lands, in the light of the techniques prevailed in i) soil survey for farming and in ii) soil survey for civil engineering.
2) an approach to practical calculation of soil volume.
3) pavement materials and paving techniques for recreational trails and sports grounds.
4) aesthetic treatment of waterside works and mountainous conservation works.
5) present and future of machinery for grading and planting works in recreational lands.