Folate is important for prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs). We studied the associations of knowledge of folate and NTDs with the intake of folate, and food consumption structure in female university students, including newcomers and senior students (juniors plus seniors). Of these, newcomers had insufficient knowledge of folate and NTDs. No associations were observed between their acquaintance with folate and folate consumption for all students. Food consumption structure analyses revealed that students consuming folate of more than the Recommended Dietary Allowance were consuming not only folate-contributing food but also a variety of food items. Thus, it was suggested that not only providing more intensive education concerning folate and NTDs but also keeping quality of food consumption as a whole (amount of meal and food balance) are warranted for prevention of NTDs.
