Abstract
Translation and cultural adaptation for patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures allows a comparison of cross-cultural data and enables datasets to be pooled worldwide. The quality of the data derived from translated measures relies on the accuracy of the translation. A task force of the ISPOR (International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research) provided useful guidelines for enhancing the quality of translation and cultural adaptation for patient-reported outcome measures. The present study aimed to enhance understanding of the translation and cultural adaptation process for patient-reported outcomes, based on the ISPOR task force guidelines, focusing on 10 steps: (a) preparation, (b) forward translation, (c) reconciliation, (d) back translation, (e) back translation review, (f) harmonization, (g) cognitive debriefing, (h) review of cognitive debriefing results and finalization, (i) proofreading, and (j) final report. In addition, a detailed explanation is provided based on published articles, and considerations relating to translation and cultural adaptation are discussed.
