幼児と大学生におけるカテゴリー化様式

抄録

Kindergarten children and undergraduates were given a 2-category classification task to a learning criterion and then were given two probe trials to assess whether the categorization mode had been holistic or analytic. Both children and adults learned more easily the Similarity + Dimension (S+D) task which could be classified on the basis of overall similarity and a criterial dimension than the Similarity (S) task which could be classified on the basis of overall similarity only. In the S+D task both children and adults used the analytic mode more frequently than the holistic mode, whereas in the Stask they used the holistic mode more frequently than the analytic mode. Discussion was made with reference to previous studies and a general developmental trend from holistic to analytic modes.