Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the first CEO (1959-1983) of American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA), Dr. William S. Apple's activities in APhA and influences on and contributions to the pharmaceutical profession.
Methods: Primary sources: APhA's website, 150 Years of Caring (A Pictorial History of the American Pharmaceutical Association), an APhA publication, and others.
Results: Dr. Apple worked on pharmaceutical services and these activities of the APhA have influenced the pharmaceutical profession. In addition, Dr. Apple?s contributions to APhA publications and establishment of the APhA Foundation have contributed to the expansion of the role of pharmacists working in pharmacies. Many themes and committee reports have been reviewed and implemented under the leadership of Dr. Apple. The Physician Ownership In Pharmacies and Drug Companies court case led to the organization of legal and political challenges to advance the pharmaceutical profession.
Conclusion: Dr. Apple has made significant contributions to many areas of the APhA and is respected by pharmacists and other medical professionals in the United States. He has also influenced the Japanese
pharmaceutical system and has contributed to the education and practice of pharmacists in Japan.
