不確実な状況下での国際生涯スポーツイベントの開催判断過程の検討

抄録

Previous research has illustrated the need for event organizers to take proactive measures to deal with anticipated accidents of risk concerning the organization of sports events. However, the risk management method adopted by the event organizer at the planning stage of the events, when they are required to decide on whether to hold the events under uncertain circumstances brought about by external risk incidents, remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the judgement process in hosting international lifelong-sport events under uncertainty. We collected archival materials and studied the World Masters Games 2021, its organizing committee, and its stakeholders. We identified 13 elements of uncertainty that were significant of stakeholders’ hosting events in uncertainty. These include: reachability of event value, possibility of duplication of event schedule, opaqueness in financing, difficulty in securing staff, difficulty in securing equipment, difficulty in securing event venue, feasibility of pre-event, difficulties in securing participants and ensuring safety, difficulty in securing volunteer-staff, difficulties in developing a cooperation system, transport/accommodation coordination risks, opaqueness of comprehension/agreement of host, and feasibility of holding the ceremony. In order to cope with the uncertainty, the Organizing Committee （1） interviewed relevant organizations, （2） referred to the Tokyo 2020 Olympics and Paralympics Games, （3） conducted a survey on stakeholders of the Games, and （4） collected statistical evidence related to infectious diseases. Based on these measures, the decision to postpone the event to 2022 was made after controlling the uncertainty related to the decision on whether to host the Games or not. Insight into the key uncertainty dimensions of event planning phase in international lifelong-sports events that judgement criteria of postpone is given, and several practical recommendations are suggested for event organizer and event stakeholder.