スポーツ行動に関する実証的研究(3) : スポーツ種目選択行動について

抄録

This is the third of a series of researches designed to clarify the mechanism of sport behavior. The purpose of the present research is to elucidate various aspects of conditions which contribute to the choice making behavior to sport events. To attain the purpose, sport events were classified into three categories, i. e., individual events, combative events of man to man type and the events of team sport. Analysis was made by Hayasi's Quantification Scaling (type 2) according to sex and frequency of sport participation regarding each combination of the two of three categories of the events as an external criterion. Such five conditions as Actual Sport Participation, Subjective Aspects, Objective Aspects, Mass Media and Sport Experience which consist of twenty-one variables were employed as explanatory variables. Subjects were 2075 adults of both sexes. Main results may be summarized as follows: 1. Discriminant analysis among the participants in each category of sport events was conducted according to respective combinations by aid of the explanatory variables created in the present research. The result showed that correlation ratios differed with sexes and frequencies of sport participation, that correlation ratios of female participants were higher than those of male participants, and that the correlation ratios of the continuous sport participants (persons who participate in sport once or more a week) tended to be higher than those of non-continuous participants (less than once a week). In other words, females and continuous participants were apt to be affected more strongly, in terms of making choice of sport events, by the conditions adopted in the present research than males and non-continuous participants. 2. In case of males, especially continuous males, the discrimination was not distinctive between combative events and team events, while in case of females, especially non-continuous females, the discrimination between individual events and combative events was not clear enough. The discrimination between combative events and team events was most distinctive in female un-continuous participants in contrast with male participants. 3. The result of the examination in contribution strength of five conditions showed that the condition Actual Sport Participation which consisted of such variables as place, time, fellows and leaders was strongest in all discriminations, and Subjective Condition including such seven variables as view of leisure time, physical skill, preferential attitude toward sport, the need for physical activities, the attitude of utilizing sport activities, confidence in one's own physical fittness, and insufficient feeling for physical activities came next. 4. As for other conditions, Sport Experience (variables are the chance of beginning sport, sport experience at school in school days and sport experience outside school in school days) of continuous males and Objective Conditions (marriage, children, income, living environment and leisure time) of continuous female contributed strongly to the choice making regardless of the difference of the combinations. Non-continuous males showed almost the same tendency as the case of continuous males. As to non-continuous females Objective condition contributed strongly to the choice making in the combination of individual events and combative events, while the condition Sport Experience tended to contribute strongly in the combination of combative events and team events and also in the combination of team events and individual events. 5. The examination in contribution of individual variables was conducted by partial correlation coefficients, and the result showed that the aspects of contribution differed With the combination of sport events, sexes and frequencies of sport participation. Details are shown in Table 4 to 7.