2022 Volume 6 Article ID: 2022-019
In recent years, the number of pharmacy schools has been increasing, and the number of students has been decreasing, thereby increasing the dropout and retention rates in some schools. Therefore, we examined learning outcomes for the purpose of optimal remedial and supplementary education. First, I examined the impact of student characteristics on learning outcomes in each learning strategy. Two strategies were implemented in the study: a problem practice strategy, and a lecture-style supplementary education strategy using videos of prior learning. The learning effects of these strategies were then verified. The results show that in the practice strategy, non-attendees achieve higher grades than the attendees in the middle group (group 2); and in the strategy using videos, the attendees in the supplementary course achieve higher grades than the non-attendees in the middle and lower groups (group 3). The second is the development of a learning strategy utilizing gamification. We created a game of structural formula called “Karuta” in the hope that it would encourage collaborative learning among students, while focusing on chemical structural equations. We then designed and implemented a learning strategy using the Karuta and evaluated the learning outcomes. Our findings show that the effects of learning differed, depending on the characteristics of the students.
