必修クラブの制度化と変質過程の分析

クラブ、部活動に関する 「判例」 を中心に

抄録

This study analyzed how curricular club activities were established in Japan's “Course of Study” and changed on the basis of precedents for curricular and extracurricular club activities. The study revealed the following points:
1. In “the Course of Study of 1969” for lower secondary schools, curricular club activities were newly established because of a series of judgments that had approved the right of teachers to claim overtime allowances.
2. In “the Course of Study of 1977 and 1978”, guidelines that encourage adequate implementation of both curricular and extracurricular club activities were established, since some court decisions had, since 1970, upheld the obligation of teachers to be present at extracurricular club activities outside duty hours.
3. In “the Course of Study of 1989”, a choice between curricular and extracurricular club activities was at last allowed, since in 1983 the Supreme Court turned down the requirement that teachers be present at extracurricular club activities.
As described above, the origin and position of curricular club activities in “the Course of Study” have been associated with precedents for the management and operation of schools. This indicates the importance of a precise review of the educational significance and related condition of these activities in terms of “the Course of Study”.