球根の發育並成熟に伴ふ養分の流動, 蓄積に關する研究

抄録

Nutritional factors accompanying the development and ripening process of bulbous plants were studied.
A. Hyacinth
1. For the purpose of researching the ripening process of the hyacinth bulbs, “prepared”bulbs were examined together with the normally ripe ed bulbs. The microscopic observation revealed the floral development. The chemical analysis evinced the accumulation of the reserve materials.
2. The flower bud is formed in late June. Although the early dug bulb stored in room temperature formed no flower bud, the prepared bulb, dug on May 26, formed the flower primordia.
3. In the bulb, as the bulb ripens, all the nitrogenous constituents and the carbohydrate material increase. (Table 1. Fig. 8)
4. Under the“preparing”process, the soluble nitrogen fract on markedly increased and the insoluble nitrogen, sugars and polysaccharides decreased. The higher temperature causes the rapid transformation of storage materials to the mobile form and the consumption of the carbohydrate material is accelerated. (Table 1. Fig. 8)
5. The march of the nutritional concentrations on the fresh weight scale as regards the ripening process evinced most remarkably the increase of nitrogen, carbohydrate content showing slight decrease at the third sampling. The preparing process also caused the increase of nitrogen concentration, especially the soluble fraction. (Table 2. Fig.9)
6. Nitrogen accumulation, especially the abundance of soluble nitrogen seems to be of importance in regard to the formation of flowerbud.
B. Gladiolus
1. The transformation of the storage materials of gladiolus corms with march of growth was studied.
2. The flower bud differentiated after forty days growth, when the length of the longest leaf attained about 50cm.
3. The chemical constituents of the gladiolus corms decrease as the bud develops. In the earlier period of its growth, the plant utterly depends upon the nutritional supply from the storage materials of its own corm. The development of the leaves on the young plant, however, soon accompanies assimilation of carbohydrate material.
4. As percentages of fresh weight of corms, nitrogen and carbohydrate constituents except direct reducing sugar and water soluble polysaccharides decrease with march of plant growth. (Table 4. Fig.11)
5. As percentages of fresh weight, all constituents except starch decrease in the leaves. The increase of the total grams of leaves, however, being enormously great, the increase of the total amount of various chemical constituents of leaves is consequently very large. (Table 5, Fig. 13) (Table 3, Fig. 12)
6. In this case the flower bud formation seems to be accompanied by the enough accumulation of nitrogen and carbohydrate material in the leaves after about forty days growth.