内視鏡の洗浄・消毒の基本的考え方

抄録

Endoscopes, which are used for invasive procedures, can be contaminated with various microorganisms such as viruses and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. High-level disinfectants such as phtharal, glutaral, and peracetic acid show wide antimicrobial spectra, and their efficacy do not markedly decrease by organic matter. Therefore, high-level disinfectants are appropriate for endoscope disinfection.

However, since such disinfectants are highly toxic, they should not be used for purposes other than endoscope disinfection. For example, these disinfectants are not used for mouthpieces, cleaning brushes, and water supply bottles. In addition, exposure of the skin to high-level disinfectants causes dermatitis and chemical burns (injuries), and exposure to their vapor causes conjunctivitis, rhinitis, and asthma. Therefore, gloves and waterproof aprons should be worn for their handling, and they should be used only for disinfection with automated endoscope reprocessors. To prevent exposure to the vapor of high-level disinfectants, powerful ventilation systems (draft) are necessary. The ventilation system is placed near the automated endoscope reprocessor below the eye level. In addition, the use of special masks for protection against these disinfectants is recommended.