Association of Graves' Disease and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis with Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus

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Seven patients (2.6%) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were found in 270patients with Graves' disease. These patients were all women and the age of onset of IDDM was 30 years of age or later in 5 of 7 patients. The high titers of the antimicrosomal antibody of circulating thyroid antibodies were found in 5 patients. The family history of diabetes mellitus was seen in 4 of 7 patients. Histological examination of thyroid biopsy specimens obtained in 3 of 7 patients disclosed the coexistence of histological abnormalities characteristic of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and the proliferative changes of epithelial cells characterizing Graves' disease, suggesting the histological feature of the thyroid in Graves' disease associated with IDDM.