日本植民地期台湾の漢人農家における農と食

甘蔗栽培技術の普及と採集活動を事例に

抄録

This article explores the daily lives of Han Taiwanese farmers in colonial Taiwan, concentrating on the extension of technologies by Japanese sugar companies and farmers' harvesting practices. Previous studies of Taiwanese economic history in the colonial period have mainly focused on the development of industry or introduction of various technologies. However, the experience of farmers must also be examined, especially their daily lives, if we are to legitimately assess the diverse influences of colonialism. Recent studies of Taiwanese economic history in the Qing era have explored new ground by focusing on the food and the environmental background of Han Taiwanese farmers. Based on these studies, this article examines the agricultural practices and food of Han Taiwanese sugarcane farmers in colonial Taiwan. First, we consider the relationship between the extension work by Japanese sugar companies and the production and consumption of Taiwanese farmers in the 1910s. Reports written by Japanese engineers of Kagichō Nōkai（ 嘉義庁農会） are used to illustrate how the two groups came into conflict and the ways in which companies attempted to resolve difficulties. Second, we illustrate how potatoes, peanuts, and seafood were harvested and how fuel was gathered by sugarcane farmers. Harvesting was an important activity for Taiwanese farmers even after sugarcane cultivation spread in the colonial era, as it satisfied the farmers’ subsistence. We discuss specifics of harvesting during that period and examine the tension between harvesting and ownership, basing our explorations on historical records and interviews that I conducted during my two years of fieldwork in the southwestern part of Zhanghua County （彰化県）. This study is an attempt to rethink Taiwanese economic history from a perspective that accounts for the daily lives of Taiwanese farmers, using a combination of an elaborated reading of historical records and interviews obtained from long-term fieldwork.