戦前期北海道における酪農政策体系の確立

拓殖政策の視角から

抄録

This paper revealed that dairy farming was identified as staple industries of Hokkaido through the involvement in animal industrial policy by the officials attached to the Hokkaido office. For few years, from so-called to the decision of the second colonization plan of Hokkaido, the fundamental factor of the importance on animal husbandry, especially dairy farming in Hokkaido, was resulted from property of settlement since the Meiji period. In agricultural villages of Hokkaido after World War I, the decrease of immigrants and the population outflow became tangible. the Hokkaido office regarded the depletion of the fertility of soil as the cause. the introduction of cattle by the Hokkaido office was aimed at the recovery of the fertility, it was a plan to fix the agricultural population(new immigrants, existing farmhouses) in the land. in that sense, the dairy farming through the leadership of the Hokkaido office was a kind of an agricultural immigration policy. From a point of the fulfilment of the policy challenges for an agricultural immigrants, Dairy farming was given the major importance in comparison with any other animal industrial sectors under the second colonization plan of Hokkaido. Decrease of immigrants and outflow of population in Hokkaido lowered the value of the land as a settlement. For the Hokkaido office, promoting dairy farming under the second colonization plan of Hokkaido was none other than to maintain the value of Hokkaido as a settlement. After 1931, bad crops and flood damages occurred in succession, The role of dairy farming as an agricultural immigrant policy under the second colonization plan of Hokkaido came to increase more and more.