Synthesis and Characterization of N,N′-Carbonyl Difatty Amides from Palm Oil

Emad A. Jaffar Al-Mulla; Wan Md. Zin Wan Yunus; Nor Azowa Bt Ibrahim; Mohd Zaki A. Rahman

doi:10.5650/jos.58.467

Oils and Fats

Synthesis and Characterization of N,N′-Carbonyl Difatty Amides from Palm Oil

Emad A. Jaffar Al-Mulla, Wan Md. Zin Wan Yunus, Nor Azowa Bt Ibrahim, Mohd Zaki A. Rahman

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Keywords: palm oil, urea, Difatty amides, ethyl fatty esters, sodium ethoxide

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

2009 Volume 58 Issue 9 Pages 467-471

DOI https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.58.467

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Abstract

N,N′-Carbonyl difatty amides (CDFAs) have been synthesized from palm oil using sodium ethoxide as catalyst. Ethyl fatty esters (EFEs) were produced as a by-product as well as glycerol. The synthesis was carried out by reflux palm oil and urea in presence of ethanol. In this process, palm oil gave 79% pure CDFAs after 8 hours and molar ratio of urea to palm oil was 6.2: 1 at 78°C. Both CDFAs and EFEs have been characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique.

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