Retroperitoneal hematoma in a hemodialysis patient

Abstract

A 45-year-old male patient, maintained on hemodialysis for 3 months, was referred to our department for acute left abdominal pain. Left renal arteriography revealed three aneurysms in a branch of the left renal artery and leakage of contrast medium from one of them. Exploration was done through a left lumber approach and the hematoma, including the left kidney, was removed. Rupture of the aneurysm was diagnosed macroscopically. There have been 10 reported cases of retroperitoneal hematoma in the setting of hemodialytic therapy, including the present case, in Japan and we have discussed the pathogenesis and treatment of this rare disease.