抄録
We examined acute toxicities of ten nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs:1-nitronaphthalene, 2-nitrofluorene, 3-nitrofluoranthene, 1-nitropyrene, 6-nitrochrysene, 1,5-dinitronaphthalene, 2,7-dinitrofluorene 1,3-dinitropyrene, 1,6-dinitropyrene, and 1,8-dinitropyrene) for marine organisms at three trophic levels, viz., the diatom Skeletonema costatum, the crustacean Tigriopus japonicus, and two species of fish, Fundulus heteroclitus and Pleuronectes yokohamae. We were able to estimate acute toxicity values of three nitro-PAHs for S. costatum, five nitro-PAHs for T. japonicus, three nitro-PAHs for F. heteroclitus, and one nitro-PAH for P. yokohamae. The most toxic nitro-PAHs were 1-nitropyrene for S. costatum (average 72-h median effect concentration: 0.53μg/L), 1,6-dinitropyrene for T. japonicus (average 24-h median effect concentration: 3.5 μg/L), 3-nitrofluoranthene and 1-nitropyrene for F. heteroclitus (average 96-h median lethal concentration: 170 μg/L), and 1-nitronaphthalene for P. yokohamae (average 96-h median lethal concentration: 770 μg/L). We also estimated predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) of nitro-PAHs. The PNECs of 1-nitronaphthalene, 2-nitrofluorene, 3-nitrofluoranthene, 1-nitropyrene, 6-nitrochrysene, 1,5-dinitronaphthalene, 2,7-dinitrofluorene, 1,3-dinitropyrene, 1,6-dinitropyrene, and 1,8-dinitropyrene were 5,600, >46, 17, 4.2, >0.33, >380, >8.6, 130, 33, and 41 ng/L, respectively. The information on environmental concentrations of nitro-PAHs is inadequate, environmental risk assessment awaits further research.
