富山地方の土壌などにおけるボツリヌス菌の分布

抄録

Distribution of Clostridium botulinum in soil, debris and water was examined in Toyama Prefecture for the purpose of preventing food poisoning due to this organism. The results obtained were as follows: Detection frequencies of C. botulinum from soil or debris decreased in the following order; pond (7/9, 78%), river (12/23, 52%), fishing port (2/20, 10%), rice field and vegetable garden (1/40, 2%). The toxin types detected were C₁ (9 samples), C₁+D (8), C₁+C₂ (2), C₁+C₂+D (2) and E (1). The main toxin in the cultures containing C₁+C₂ or C₁+D was C₁. The level of C₁ toxin detected was the highest in pond among all cultures examined. C₁ toxin was detected in December, February, April and June, but not in August or October, in cultures of the pond where wild ducks were seen during the winter season.
These results indicate that the dominant type of C. botulinum distributed in Toyama Prefecture is C_a. This may be related wit the migration of wild ducks. Type D was less dominant and type E only rarely detected.