抄録
In this article, novel techniques on chemical conversion of cellulosic biomass and waste polymers with sub- and supercritical fluids are introduced. The phenomenon that highly-crystallized cellulose particles can dissolve into water near the critical point of water is described. It is also introduced that product distributions are tunable by manipulating typical operating parameters such as temperature and pressure on hydrothermal treatment of biomass and its related compounds. As for waste polymers, reaction pathways and kinetics on solvolysis of polyesters and polyamides in sub- and supercritical fluids are elucidated. Furthermore, new researches, hydrothermal electrolysis and supercritical plasma techniques, are finally introduced.
