Opportunities and Constraints of Waste-to-Energy Technology for Municipal Solid Waste in Vietnam

抄録

In Vietnam, recent years witness the rapid socio-economic development as well as the speedy increase of population in many regions across the country. According to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, an estimation of 63 million tons of urban domestic waste (UDW) generated daily over the time of 2011-2015 with the increase rate at 10-16% on average per annum. Since landfilling, generally, is the regular disposal method, the country confronts a must-be-addressed issue regarding environmental pollution as well as land shortage. Rapid increase of DUW volume raises the demand of Waste-to-Energy (WtE) as an advanced technology for saving the land utilization, securing the energy consumption while reaching the target of greenhouse gas reduction in the waste and energy sectors. Although several incentives recently adopted, still the constraints are existing. An identified recommendation regarding technical, regulatory, and economic aspect is truly expected to enforce the practicability of WtE projects, hence, contributing to the sustainable development for urban areas in Vietnam. This study aimed to clarify the opportunities and incentives to install WtE technology in Vietnam, review the current situation, and summarize the constraints.