The effect of microshot peening on the surface characteristics and fatigue life of spring steel was investigated. In the experiment, the projective method of the microshot was of the compressed air type. The microshots were high-carbon cast steel and cemented carbide, and the workpiece used was the commercially spring steel. The surface layer of the workpiece was sufficiently deformed by microshot peening. The microshot peening process was very efficient in improving the fatigue life of spring steel. It was found that the use of the microshot was found to cause a significantly enhanced peening effect for spring steel.