抗N–methyl–D–aspartate受容体脳炎の動向

抄録

NMDA receptor encephalitis is a common autoimmune encephalitis characterized by complex neuropsychiatric features and the presence of IgG antibodies against the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptors in the central nervous system. This encephalitis start with flu–like symptoms, followed by fairly rapid development of psychiatric symptoms, memory problems, movement disorders, seizures, coma and even changes in heart rate, blood pressure. Based on the clinical analysis of 1147 patients, although there is a difference in severity, 90% of patients presented a similar clinical course. On the other, recent researches discovered that the clinical picture is widespread and it is known to present as a psychiatric disorder (autoimmune psychosis), temporal lobe adult–onset seizure (autoimmune epilepsy), and progressive dementia (autoimmune dementia). In the treatment of this encephalitis, the development has been showed in the treatment of refractory cases (such as Tocilizumab or Bortezomib) and symptomatic epilepsy.