Parkinson病及び関連疾患の治療の進歩（2022）

抄録

At present, there has been a significant increase in the global prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD), underscoring the critical need for the development of foundational treatments. In 2022, various disease–modifying therapies were reported, including antibody treatments targeting α–synuclein, iron chelators, and statins. However, no drugs have definitively demonstrated disease–modifying effects for PD as of yet. Nonetheless, numerous candidate drugs for modifying PD are actively under development, fostering hope for the discovery of effective treatments.

While symptomatic therapy continues to be the primary approach in treating PD, there has been a growing number of reports on innovative treatments for motor complications like wearing–off phenomena and levodopa–induced dyskinesia. Furthermore, there are reports on therapeutic drugs aimed at gut bacteria, which may not only address non–motor symptoms but also enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of PD. Additionally, there have been reports on novel approaches to treat previously challenging symptoms such as insomnia and excessive drooling.

To advance PD treatment, the development of both disease–modifying therapies and symptomatic treatments is deemed crucial. This paper primarily reviews reports from double–blind, randomized controlled trials published in 2022, with a specific focus on potential candidates for disease–modifying PD therapy and reports showcasing the effectiveness of symptomatic therapy for both motor and non–motor symptoms.