大学教授の経歴型の国際比較
1969 年 19 巻 3 号 p. 2-21,104
詳細
1969 年 19 巻 3 号 p. 2-21,104
A great many people have discussed and made investigations on higher education, but few of them have pain attention to the nepotism and paternalism in the Japanese academic world. Radical student political movement and academic freedom are of course seriously important, but these problems will not be solved until we improve the quality of college professors and eliminate the pre-modern elements in the Japanese academic world.
We have studied career patterns of college professors these five years and some of our previous findings were already published in the following publications : Nippon no Daigakukyoju Shijo (Academic Marketplace in Japan), 1965 ; Asahi Journal, Vol. 5, No. 47, Nov. 24, 1963 ; Comparative Study of Career Paterns of College Professors, International Review of Education, Vol. X, No. 3, 1964.
In order to make a more detailed study on the relationship between education and career, the recruitment system, and the promotion system of professors in universities or colleges of various countries, we sent about 2, 000 questionnaires to professors in about 40 countries. About half of them were randomly chosen from the contributors to the latest academic journals in each country, and the another half were sampled from the World of Learning 1964-65.
The questionnaire consists of the following three parts :
1) personal history : age ; birth place ; citizenship ; education ; occupational career ; annual income ; position or status ; scholarly achievement.
2) social origins : father's education and father's occupation
3) administration and others : formal licence required for college professors such as German Habilitation or French Agrégation ; procedure of getting the doctor's degree ; the average age of getting degree ; the average age of getting degree ; the average standard and procedure of application for employment ; the procedure of appointment and promotion.
The response rate was about 40 per cent. Because it was extremely difficult to get the accurate adresses of the respondents, the response rate was much lower than we had expected. Therefore the following analysis of the academic world cannot represent the whole situation in each country. We mainly analysed full professors in the following major countries : The U.S.A. ; the U.K. ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; Australia ; Canada. The responce rates in these countries were higher than average and the number of the respondents in these countries were large enough to be analysed independently.
