Rapid accumulation of knowledge and multiplicity of society have increased demands for scientists, engineers and other professional men. Accordingly the professional members in representative systems of many kinds of organizations have been taking the place of amateur members. But the functions of professional members are restricted to “service and advice”. Moreover they as well as their associations tend to be characteristic of self-defense and egoism.
On the other hand, most of them are “Organization men” who are serching for self-realization. In addition to these points, awareness of deficiency of total knowledge because of specialized one may widen professional men's sight to outer and larger systems. For example, they may pay attention to participation in decision-making, administrating and management.
They may become aware of passivity of their state, especially that of public state as part-time. They may find it necessary to have in part “right of deciding and doing”, and in turns to have “an according responsibility”, in case of publicity, as full-time. Generally a component of the responsibility has been “ethics” common to professional men so far. At the same time they have been accused of their aristocratism.
Hence emerges a common factor, “Publicity” among professional men that identifies them with society.
