Sustainability and Dynamic of Japanese Research Ecosystems

Abstract

This article examines Japan's research capability from the perspective of sustainability and ecosystem dynamics. Despite a decade of policies like the "Comprehensive Package for Strengthening Research Capacity and Supporting Young Researchers," improvements remain uncertain. Declining young faculty numbers stem from the system and management of national universities, and unstable employment hinders sustainable talent retention. Additionally, regardless of external funding availability, teaching and administrative burdens are imposed indiscriminately, preventing the optimization of research time. A funding system aligned with shifting balances between block grants and competitive funding is needed. Furthermore, excessive research bureaucracy necessitates adopting international best practices. Past centers of excellence (COE) programs failed to ensure sustainable regional research growth, whereas stable research bases like Joint Usage/Research Centers contribute effectively to the ecosystem. Addressing these systemic issues is essential for Japan's long-term research capability enhancement.