科学的リテラシーにおける測定・分析の国際的動向 : 科学の公衆理解(PUST)調査関連の国際会議から(<特集>科学的リテラシー)

抄録

This study reviews international trends in the measurement and analysis of scientific literacy and suggests some new directions for future studies of public understanding of science and technology (PUST). The researches reviewed in this study were presented in the international workshops/meetings held in London and Delhi during the last year. Based on the review, the international trends of the scientific literacy are identified as (1) the change in the perception of measuring scientific literacy from "a deficit model" to a way to measure the psychological distance between experts and the public, (2) longitudinal trend analysis and cross-national comparison, (3) effort to modify the knowledge items, (4) adopting the Item-Response Theory Model in the measurements. The study suggests that similar surveys should be conducted more frequently in Japan, so that the measurement of scientific literacy becomes more culturally suited to Japanese Society.