小数の乗除文章題解決における数直線図や関係図の表現と活用に関する調査研究

抄録

The purpose of this study is to investigate fifth graders’ drawing and utilization of number line diagrams or relation diagrams in solving decimal multiplication and division word problems. The subjects decided on a correct operation by selecting one of two diagrams and drawing the diagram. There was no difference in the selectivity between the number line diagram and the relation diagram. In addition, there was no difference in the performance of the expressions in the two diagrams. However, the results of the formula were better in the relation diagram than in the number line diagram. When a correct diagram was drawn, there was no difference in the better performance of the formula between the line diagram with notation arithmetic operation and the relation diagram, but the performance of the line diagram without operation was worse. These results show that both a line diagram with operation and a relation diagram are useful to solve multiplication and division word problems, and the process of problem integration is more difficult when using the number line diagram.