教員養成におけるライフストーリーの応用可能性

―社会科教師を志望する学生の教科観と教師観の形成―

抄録

  This study aimed to examine how students aspiring to work as social studies teachers develop their views of this subject and teaching as well as clarify the possibilities for using life stories in teacher training. Previous research has shown that the presentation of life stories by teachers is significant from both theoretical and empirical viewpoints. However, little research has focused on the presentation of life stories by students who do not yet have teaching experience. Therefore, this study was conducted with students aspiring to work as junior and senior high school social studies teachers. It comprised three learning activities, wherein students were asked to “reflect on their own life stories,” “listen to the life stories of their peers,” and “learn about the life stories of teachers.” In the third activity, an attempt was made to connect research findings on teachers with practical teacher training using content from interviews with practicing social studies teachers.

  The present study analyzed how 21 students viewed their subject（social studies）and teachers through the three life story activities wherein students completed worksheets. ⑴ In terms of the activity to “reflect on their own life stories,” students recalled social studies lessons that they had experienced and considered the characteristics of a good lesson and teacher. ⑵ When “listening to peers’ life stories,” students understand characteristics of the subject of social studies by comparing their experiences with those of others. ⑶ When “learning about the life stories of teachers,” some students learned approaches to lesson development, whereas others developed their views of teaching as they gained a deeper realization of the diverse nature of schools and students.

  Thus, the three activities helped students to clarify the lessons they hope to teach and what kind of teachers they aspire to be. Therefore, the use of life stories in teacher training lessons is effective in helping students to understand the issues and characteristics of social studies and to deepen their identity as future teachers.