2010 Volume 36 Pages 387-398
This study has been made on living space in an inner-Osaka area using Inoue Heibei family's document as material. Rental houses during the period from 1887 through 1893 inherited the traditional pattern which had existed since recent times. On the other hand, diverse living patterns were seen depending on the economic resources and demands of house-renters. Starting in 1897, modem elements came to appear such as exclusive uses of equipment and installation of water faucets. However, community activities of public health associations as well as improvements of equipment played an important role in modernizing the living environment.
