Replacement of Internal Protein Genes, with the Exception of the Matrix, in Equine 1 Viruses by Equine 2 Influenza Virus Genes during Evolution in Nature

Toshihiro Ito; Yoshihiro Kawaoka; Maki Ohira; Hiroki Takakuwa; Jiro Yasuda; Hiroshi Kida; Koichi Otsuki

doi:10.1292/jvms.61.987

Toshihiro Ito, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Maki Ohira, Hiroki Takakuwa, Jiro Yasuda, Hiroshi Kida, Koichi Otsuki

Author information

Toshihiro Ito
Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-0945, Japan
Yoshihiro Kawaoka
Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive West, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, U.S.A.
Maki Ohira
Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-0945, Japan
Hiroki Takakuwa
Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
Jiro Yasuda
Laboratory Animal Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan
Hiroshi Kida
Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
Koichi Otsuki
Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-0945, Japan

Keywords: equine influenza, hemagglutinin, matrix protein

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1999 Volume 61 Issue 8 Pages 987-989

DOI https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.61.987

Details

Abstract

To establish the evolutionary association between the equine 1 H7 HA and M genes, phylogenetic analyses of the six internal gene segments of equine 1 influenza viruses (H7N7 subtype) were performed using partial nucleotide sequences. The results demonstrated that five internal genes (PB1, PB2, PA, NP and NS) of equine 1 viruses isolated after 1964 were replaced by those of equine 2 H3N8 viruses. However, the M gene was maintained during the evolution of these equine 1 viruses. These findings suggest a functional association between equine H7 HA and M gene products, most likely M2 protein.

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