Decreased Apolipoprotein C-III Concentration in the High-Density Lipoprotein Fraction from Calves Inoculated with Pasteurella haemolytica and Bovine Herpes Virus-1

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Lipoprotein lipid and apoprotein concentrations are known to be altered during the acute-phase response. We have previously shown that the serum activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and concentration of cholesteryl esters, both constituents of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction, are reduced in calves inoculated with Pasteurella haemolytica and bovine herpes virus-1, the two major pathogens for calf pneumonia. The concentration of apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III), a low molecular mass protein component distributed mainly in the HDL fraction, was therefore examined in bacteria- and virus-inoculated calves. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that it was decreased by inoculations of Pasteurella haemolytica and bovine herpes virus-1. The decrease was detected as early as 1 day after inoculation in both groups. A decreased serum apoC-III concentration was also observed by immunoblot analysis. It was detected in the HDL fractions from the bacteria- and virus-inoculated calves, and HDL apoC-III concentrations in the inoculated calves were decreased compared with controls. These results, coupled with the previous findings on LCAT activity and the cholesteryl ester concentration, indicate that a decreased HDL concentration is one of the early events occurring during the acute-phase response evoked by infections with Pasteurella haemolytica and bovine herpes virus-1.